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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are among the most frequently prescribed medications for ADHD and can increase and regulate levels of brain chemicals. They cannot solve the problem and can only help manage symptoms if they are they are taken regularly. The side effects of ADHD medication can include changes in heart rate and blood pressure and stomach upset as well as anxiety and tics. Children and teens who take stimulant medications notice a slight reduction in their growth rate. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nervous system stimulant and is the most frequently prescribed medication for ADHD. It is available in a variety of forms, including chewable tablets with liquid and an oral disintegrating tablet that acts long and has an extended release. The drug increases the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. This can help improve concentration. It can also lessen the symptoms of anxiety and depression. Methylphenidate is an effective treatment for ADHD when combined with other treatments, including behavioural therapy. Methylphenidate works by blocking the transporters that normally remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug may cause a slight increase in heart rate or blood pressure. It can also cause a rapid change in blood sugar levels, and diabetics should be aware when taking this medication. Speak to your doctor if you have any of these symptoms. Methylphenidate can also cause a condition known as Raynaud's phenomena, which causes numbness and pain in the toes and fingers. This is a rare side effect however it is essential to tell your doctor if you are experiencing these symptoms. There is some concern that methylphenidate slows the growth of children, but this has not been proven to be the case. If your child is taking methylphenidate, be sure to be attentive to their weight and height. If your child is on chewable tablets containing methylphenidate that contains phenylalanine which is a risk for children suffering from the genetic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU). If you suffer from PKU, ask your doctor about different methylphenidate formulations. no title have issues with stimulants which are the primary choice of medication for treating ADHD. In these instances doctors might prescribe other drugs that function in a similar manner. Besides methylphenidate, there are other stimulants such as dexamfetamine and the lisdexamfetamine. These drugs can last longer and are stronger than methylphenidate. They are usually taken between two and three times a day, but some people can take them more frequently. Psychological treatments are also available to treat ADHD however, they are less likely to be helpful than a stimulant. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also known as the brand name Strattera, is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that boosts concentration and reduces hyperactivity as well as impulsiveness. It's part of a group of medications known as selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors and works by boosting levels of dopamine and norepinephrine. two chemical messengers that control the brain's activity. It is a preferred option for adults and children who want a different type of medication from stimulants such as Adderall and Vyvanse. It is important to remember that atomoxetine doesn't work immediately, and it may take up to 6 weeks for the effects of the medication to become apparent. Additionally, you could experience side-effects such as diminished appetite, drowsiness and upset stomach. For the majority of patients the advantages of taking atomoxetine far outweigh the risks. In a double-blind, placebo controlled study of 297 ADHD patients aged between 12 and 18 years old, the efficacy of atomoxetine is verified. Participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine, a daily dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram or 1.2 mg/kg, or a placebo for 9 weeks. In both atomoxetine and placebo groups depression symptoms were reduced. The atomoxetine group experienced more improvement in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. The improvement was not significant. In another open trial in another open trial, 10 patients with ADHD who failed to respond to stimulants were treated with atomoxetine for 8 weeks. The atomoxetine group demonstrated improved ADHD symptoms compared to placebo group with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version and Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale increasing significantly. One patient was unable to continue treatment due to a rash. Three patients also reported transient stomach symptoms, and one reported increased fatigue. Before you begin treatment with atomoxetine, talk to your doctor about your medical history and any other supplements or medications that you're taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as over the counter medicines. It is especially important to inform your doctor if there is narrow-angle glaucoma, thyroid tumor or adrenal gland tumor or high blood pressure, heart disease or an unusually sudden death. You should avoid atomoxetine as well when you've been taking an MAO-inhibitor like isocarboxazid or linezolid within the last 14 days, or rasagiline, Methylene Blue Injection, phenelzine or tranylcypromine. Bupropion Bupropion is a nonstimulant that can improve the symptoms of ADHD. It can also reduce impulsivity and boost focus, though it does not affect the brain in the same way as stimulants. It's only available on prescription. Your doctor will determine the best dosage for you. Bupropion is available in tablets and extended-release capsules. It is important to take the medication exactly as prescribed. If you stop taking it suddenly, you may have withdrawal symptoms. The most common dosage is two or three doses per day divided by 4 to 6 hours. The dosage can range from 100mg twice or three times per day to 150mg three or four times every day. The drug is absorbed in the digestive tract, and then is excreted in urine, which means it isn't able to enter breast milk. However, it could enter the bloodstream and cause harm to other organs. Bupropion can raise blood pressure, so it's important to monitor it frequently. Bupropion can, in addition to helping to reduce ADHD symptoms and reducing depression, also helps to reduce the symptoms of ADHD. It can also treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking the dopamine receptors that are located in your brain. This blocks the neurotransmitter dopamine, from entering your brain. This helps to stabilize your mood. Bupropion can interact with other drugs, so it's important to inform your doctor about any other medications you're taking. It's also important to determine whether you are allergic to. Also, avoid caffeine and other stimulants, as they can make the side effects worse. In several studies, bupropion was compared to placebos for adults with ADHD. These studies produced mixed results, and many were poorly designed. Furthermore, many of them did not include participants with psychiatric disorders. The research suggests that bupropion can have an impact on ADHD. However, more research is needed to determine positive patient-centered outcomes such as improvement in quality of life. Before effective treatments can be developed it is essential to gain a better understanding of the molecular causes of ADHD. This requires a deeper understanding of the relationship between different molecular pathways. It is also crucial to know how anti-ADHD drugs function in conjunction with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants Antidepressants can be prescribed by doctors when stimulants prescribed for children suffering from ADHD do not work or cause side negative effects. These medications, like imipramine and Nortriptyline, (Aventyl and Pamelor) boost the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which aids in helping people focus. These are old drugs that can have challenging adverse reactions, and are usually tried only after other medications have failed. The first option for antidepressants in depression is usually an inhibitor of serotonin reuptake (SSRI) such as sertraline, fluoxetine or citalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants, which have been around for decades, may still be used in some cases. They are also effective in treating neuropathic pain and provide a pain-relieving effect which is distinct from their antidepressant effect. They increase the activity of the noradrenephrine receptor, by preventing its reuptake. They also act as descending modulators for pain pathways in the spinal cord. SSRIs are less harmful and have less side effects than tricyclic antidepressants. They are also safer during pregnancy and do not appear to be teratogenic for humans or animals. If suddenly stopped, they could cause severe withdrawal symptoms. To lessen the negative adverse effects, your physician might suggest reducing the dosage gradually over a period of time. Although not officially recognized by the FDA as a medication for adhd Bupropion is a widely prescribed antidepressant off-label for ADHD. It is believed to be effective by increasing neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which improves concentration. It is also known to reduce anxiety and stress. It can be paired with stimulants for faster and longer-lasting results. While there aren't any FDA-approved medications that are nonstimulant for ADHD Many people find relief with the use of dietary supplements and herbs. no title that is low in sugar and fat may also aid in reducing ADHD symptoms. Certain people can also benefit from staying clear of caffeine. Inform your doctor about all medicines you or your child take as well as herbal remedies and prescription medications. This can help reduce unwanted side effects as well as prevent interactions. ADHD medications can affect individuals differently. It may take some trial and error before you determine the best dosage and dose for your child or yourself.